HTTP
HTTP stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol. It is an application layer protocol used to communicate between two machines, mostly used in client server model.
The latest version of HTTP is HTTP/2. HTTP/2 is very efficient when compared to the earlier version.
HTTPS
HTTPS is stands for HTTP Secure. Often called as HTTP over SSL or HTTP over TLS. HTTPS increases the privacy and integrity of the data that is communicated over internet. HTTPS is a combination of two layer protocols HTTP on top of SSL.
SSL
SSL stands for Secure Sockets Layer. SSL is a cryptographic protocol that provide authentication and data encryption in network communication.
TLS
TLS stands for Transport Layer Security. It is a successor to SSL. Provides secure version of SSL.

HTTP protocol stack
If you look at TCP/IP model, HTTP protocol stack will be like this:
- HTTP - Application
- TCP - Transport
- IP - Network
- Ethernet - Network Interface
HTTPS protocol stack
HTTPS stack will be like this:
- HTTP - Application
- TLS (SSL) - Transport Layer Security
- TCP - Transport
- IP - Network
- Ethernet - Network Interface